بسم الله والحمد لله
والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله ، وبعد
Allaah تعالى
said:
﴿ذَرْهُمْ يَأْكُلُوا وَيَتَمَتَّعُوا
وَيُلْهِهِمُ الْأَمَلُ ۖ
فَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ﴾
{Leave them to eat and enjoy,
and let them be preoccupied with (false) hope. They will come to know!}
[Surah al-Hijr (15): 3]
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
❝The first part of this Ummah was rectified[1] through al-Zuhd (asceticism)[2] and al-Yaqeen (firm Faith)[3], and its destruction will be because of al-Bukhl (niggardliness)[4] and al-Amal (false hope)[5].❞
[al-Zuhd of Imaam Ahmad, al-Tabaraanee in al-Awsat (7650), Al-Baihaqee
in Shu`ab al-Imaan (10045, 10351), and graded as “Hasan
li Ghairihee” by Shaikh al-Albaanee in al-Saheehah (3427) and in Saheeh
al-Targheeb (3215, 3339), and in Saheeh al-Jaami` (3845)]
In another narration the wordings are:
❝The first part of this Ummah was saved because of
al-Yaqeen (firm faith) and al-Zuhd (asceticism) and that which will destroy its
last part are al-Bukhl (niggardliness) and al-Amal (false hope).❞
[Ibn Abee al-Dunyaa in al-Yaqeen (3) and in Qasr al-Amal (20)
and graded as “Hasan li Ghairihee” by Shaikh al-Albaanee in al-Saheehah (7/1264-1265)
and in Saheeh al-Targheeb (3340), and in Saheeh al-Jaami` (6746)]
❝Nothing
will rectify the last part of this Ummah except that which rectified its first
part.❞
[Related by al-Qaadhee
`Iyaadh in ash-Shifaa’ (2/676), Majmoo` al-Fataawa of Ibn Taymiyyah (1/231,
241, 353]
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
❝Renounce the world and Allaah will love
you, and renounce what the people possess and the people will love you.❞
[Sunan Ibn Maajah
(4102) and graded as “Saheeh” by Shaikh
al-Albaanee]
Ibn al-Qayyim رحمه الله said:
❝It is not Zuhd that you let go of the
Dunya (worldly desires) from your hands while it still lingers in your heart.
Zuhd is to let it go from your heart while it is still in your hands.❞
[Tareeq al-Hijratain
(1/252)]
To attain al-Zuhd one
has to first shun the sins:
Yahya Ibn Mu`aadh used
to say:
❝I am not instructing you to (completely)
forsake the Dunya (worldly pleasures); but I only instruct you to abandon the
sins. Forsaking the Dunya is Fadheelah (graciousness or doing more than what is
obligatory), while abandoning the sins is Fareedhah (an obligation). For you
are in a greater need of fulfilling the obligations (as they have precedence
over) fulfilling that which is optional.❞
[Sifatul-Safwah
(2/297)]
[3] The definition of Al-Yaqeen (Certainty): Certainty is the opposite of doubt (al-Shakk).
Certainty is to have complete surety and firm belief in the Six Articles of
Faith (Faith in Allaah, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, The Resurrection
on the Day of Judgment, and the Qadr – the good of it and the bad of it).
Certainty is to have perfect knowledge, after which there is no room for doubt
or suspicion in the heart. Any kind of doubt about these Six Articles of Faith
is Kufr.
The evidence of al-Yaqeen
is in the saying of Allaah تعالى:
﴿ إِنَّمَا
الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّـهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَرْتَابُوا وَجَاهَدُوا
بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّـهِ ۚ أُولَـٰئِكَ
هُمُ الصَّادِقُونَ﴾
{Only
those are the believers who have believed in Allaah and His Messenger, and
afterward doubt not but strive with their wealth and their lives for the Cause
of Allaah. Those! They are the truthful.}
[Surah al-Hujurat
(49):15]
Allaah made certainty,
without doubt or suspicions, a condition of true belief.
[4] The definition of Al-Bukhl (miserliness, niggardliness): Shaikh Ibn al-`Uthaymeen رحمه الله said (paraphrased):
❝Niggardliness
is to not spend on what has been made obligatory upon him by Allaah or on
things that are necessary, even though he has the ability.❞
[Sharh Riyaadh
al-Saaliheen (3/410)]
Allaah تعالى described
the miser as the one whose hands are tied to his neck:
﴿وَلَا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَىٰ عُنُقِكَ وَلَا تَبْسُطْهَا
كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُومًا مَّحْسُورًا﴾
{And
let not your hand be tied (like a miser) to your neck, nor overextend it (like
a spendthrift), so that you become blameworthy and in severe poverty} [Surah al-Israa’ (17): 29]
Niggardliness leads to
destruction, as Allaah تعال said:
﴿وَأَمَّا
مَن بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَىٰ * وَكَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنَىٰ * فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرَىٰ﴾
{But
he who is greedy miser and thinks himself self-sufficient; And gives the lie to
Al-Husna (best reward); We will ease his (path) towards difficulty.}
[Surah al-Layl (92):
8-10]
Meaning: Things which
are easy for others will be made difficult for such a person.
And also:
﴿هَا أَنتُمْ هَـٰؤُلَاءِ تُدْعَوْنَ لِتُنفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّـهِ
فَمِنكُم مَّن يَبْخَلُ ۖ
وَمَن يَبْخَلْ فَإِنَّمَا يَبْخَلُ عَن نَّفْسِهِ ۚ وَاللَّـهُ الْغَنِيُّ وَأَنتُمُ الْفُقَرَاءُ ۚ وَإِن تَتَوَلَّوْا يَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْمًا
غَيْرَكُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَكُونُوا أَمْثَالَكُم﴾
{Behold!
You are those who are called to spend in the Cause of Allaah, yet among you are
some who are niggardly. And whoever is niggardly, it is only at the expense of
his own-self. But Allaah is Rich (Free of all wants), and you (mankind) are
poor. And if you turn away (from Islaam and the obedience of Allaah), He will
exchange you for some other people, and they will not be your likes.}
[Surah Muhammad (47):15]
And the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
❝Every
day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says: ‘O Allaah!
Compensate every person who spends in Your cause’, and the other (angel) says: ‘O
Allaah! Destroy every miser.’❞
[Saheeh al-Bukhaaree (1442)
and Saheeh Muslim (2205)]
One should not
overspend like a spendthrift nor withhold like a miser, as Allaah تعال said:
﴿وَالَّذِينَ
إِذَا أَنْفَقُوا لَمْ يُسْرِفُوا وَلَمْ يَقْتُرُوا وَكَانَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ قَوَامًا﴾
{And
those, who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor niggardly, but hold a
medium (way) between those (extremes)} [Surah al-Furqaan (25):
67]
There are many Aayaat
and Ahaadeeth which encourage one to give out in Charity. Sufficient to say is that
throughout the Qur’aan Allaah تعالى mentioned the Salaah and Zakaah
together.
Niggardliness is not
limited to wealth only. One of the worst miser is he who does not send prayers
upon the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم when his name is mentioned, because
he neither has to spend any money or put much efforts, as the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
❝The
stingy person is the one before whom I am mentioned, and he does not send Salat
upon me.❞
[Sunan al-Tirmidhee (3546)
and graded as “Saheeh” by Shaikh al-Albaanee]
[5] The definition of al-Amal (incessant Hope): Shaikh Ibn al-`Uthaymeen رحمه الله said (paraphrased):
❝The
hope here is referring to the worldly matters; and it is not referring to the
hope that one has in receiving the reward from Allaah for his righteous deeds. In regards to worldly matters, one should not
hope too much. How many people had high hopes and had made plans of doing such
and such, but death came to them all of a sudden, their lives came to an end,
and their hopes were cut off?!❞
[Sharh Riyaadh
al-Saaliheen (3/437)]
Man’s life is short yet his hopes exceed
beyond his life. Do not think that you are young, or you are healthy. Death can
come to anyone at any time. Man knows that death is inevitable, yet his hopes
are too much and too many.
Narrated Abu Hurairah: I heard Allaah’s
Messenger صلى
الله عليه وسلم saying:
❝The heart of an old man remains young in two respects, i.e., his
love for the world (its wealth, amusements and luxuries) and his incessant
hope.❞
[Saheeh al-Bukhaaree ( 6420)]
Narrated Anas bin Maalik: Allaah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
❝The son of Aadam (i.e. man) grows old and so also two (desires)
grow old with him, i.e., love for wealth and (a wish for) a long life.❞
[Saheeh al-Bukhaaree ( 6421)]
In one of the Ahaadeeth, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم illustratively
explained the span of man’s life and his high hopes, which can be read from the
below mentioned link:
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